Jusepe de Ribera (1591–1652), often called Lo Spagnoletto (“the little Spaniard”), was a Spanish Baroque painter who spent most of his career in Naples. Strongly influenced by Caravaggio, he painted saints, martyrs, and philosophers with intense realism, dramatic chiaroscuro, and unflinching attention to aging flesh and suffering. Ribera became a dominant figure in Neapolitan painting and a major voice of Spanish Counter‑Reformation art.